1G the first generation of mobile technology was all about voice i.e ability to use mobile technology. The evolution of 1G was followed by the advent of 2G which introduced data services for mobile in form of SMS, also known as text messaging. The 3G move brought network speeds that led to the launch of smartphones. The advent of 4G provided high data transfer rates and videos with minimum buffering. Presently people are now prepared to experience 5G network capabilities.
5G – The fifth generation of cellular networks is an evolution of 4G engineered with greater speed and responsiveness. There are presently no further developments within the 5G domain. However, some countries like South Korea aim to launch the world’s first “6G” network in the coming five to seven years.
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Countries are continuously striving to stay competitive in the global economy and thus adapting 5G technology at a rapid pace. The competitiveness has also been increasing amongst communication service providers. They have been attempting to build, validate and dispose of 5G networks across cities. Small countries like Turkey and Sweden are also taking significant steps to make 5G network available to their citizens.
5G IN US
The US is a developed country that is focussing on the high-speed spectrum. In 2020, 5G was introduced in 50 cities in the US. However, the services were delivered at low speeds. Therefore, wireless service providers are quite reluctant to invest and upgrade their network till the demand increases. 5G strategy is providing an extensive approach to network technologies in the US. Expert opinion on adapting infrastructure deployment for the adequate use of 5G is expected to boost its usage. It also requires appropriate designing of government policies since it helps strengthen the 5G strategy. Government policies can serve as a strength for the 5G network. It can further increase the investment opportunities within this segment which would drive research and innovation.
Most of the commercial networks of 5G are based on the spectrum within the 3.5GHz range. Frequencies used for 5G are divided into three groups namely, high band, mid-band, and low band spectrum. Each of these bands has specific characteristics such as distance, speed, and capacity.
5G VS 4G
A low band spectrum with frequencies below 1 GHz can cover miles. They have download speeds closer to the current 4G LTE. The high band spectrum often referred to as wideband can transfer a lot of data quickly to short distances and it also requires a large number of antennas to maintain greater reach.4G LTE is majorly used in cities. However, the spectrum is often hindered by urban structures or trees which can impact the connection.
Mid band spectrum has both features,i.e faster speed with greater coverage. Its frequency ranges between 1GHz to 6 GHz. Packets of data are transferred via wireless technology. The data is reassembled at the receiving end to increase the versatility and speed of transfer.
According to global market database, the US market is highly competitive for the high band and low band spectrum. However, the growth for the mid-band spectrum is recorded to be slower.
There are also some regulatory obstacles in the US telecommunications vertical. Regulations are imposed by federal and local authorities to accelerate the use of 5G that results in an occasional conflict of interest. The adoption of uniform regulations is expected to resolve this conflict. Implementation and deployment of 5G among cities will benefit the economic future of the US in similar ways as commercializing of the internet that took place in 1992. Its goal is to achieve maximum economic return ensuring minimum national security risk.
HOW FAST IS 5G ?
Advancement in technology has increased the product range for wireless communication ranging from wireless cells of smaller size to modulation schemes that allow large no. of wireless users to share the connection. The connection speed of ten gigabits per second is provided by 5G technology which is 20 times faster as compared to 4G technology which has a maximum speed of 100mbps.
Creating 5G infrastructure is essential but the growth of the economy also depends on the applications created to utilize the developed infrastructure. 5G network would result in innovation and growth within the economy only when it is accompanied by huge investments in new products and services that make use of 5G networks.
The outbreak of COVID-19 has increased remote work which has now led to an increased demand for 5G networks in the US. The bandwidth demands have increased to 75% and the federal government is trying to deploy 5G in remote locations as well.
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